Central Documents and Politburo Politics in China by Kenneth Lieberthal & James Tong & Sai-cheung Yeung

Author:Kenneth Lieberthal & James Tong & Sai-cheung Yeung
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Kenneth G. Lieberthal and Richard H. Rogel Center for Chinese Studies
Published: 1978-02-15T00:00:00+00:00

NOTES

1. See, for instance, Edward Rice, Mao’s Way (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1972).

2. For example, David M. Lampton, The Politics of Medicine in China: The Policy Process, 1949-1977 (Boulder: Westview Press, 1977).

3. Michel Oksenberg, “The Chinese Policy Process and the Public Health Issue: An Arena Approach,” Studies in Comparative Communism 7, no. 4 (Winter 1974): 375-408 (hereafter cited as Oksenberg, “Arena”).

4. Kenneth Lieberthal, Research Guide to Central Party and Government Meetings in China, 1949-1975 (White Plains, N.Y.: International Arts and Sciences Press, 1976).

5. Since at least 1967 all Central Documents have borne the label chung-fa (literally, “centrally issued”). Only one pre-Cultural Revolution CD available in the West has a chung-fa label, however--“Some Problems Currently Arising in the Course of the Rural Socialist Education Movement,” in R. Baum and F. Teiwes, Ssu-Ch’ing: The Socialist Education Movement, China Research Monograph No. 2 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1968), pp. 118-26 (hereafter cited as the “Twenty-three Points”). The chung-fa label on this document appears only on the original Chinese text. I am grateful to Richard Baum for providing me with a copy of this text. It is simply unclear whether the chung-fa label came into wide use only in 1967 or whether it has been put on all Central Documents since the 1950s. The latter possibility cannot be ruled out, as most texts of Central Documents available in the West are based on copies of these documents rather than on the originals. In some instances, the title of a CD is not available even when the text is known in the West.

6. On the Eleventh Politburo, for instance, Hua Kuo-feng is simultaneously premier of the State Council; Yeh Chien-ying is minister of defense; Teng Hsiao-p’ing is chief of staff; Li Hsien-nien is vice-premier of the State Council; Wang Tung-hsing heads the Party General Office; Yü Ch’iu-li heads the State Planning Commission; Fang I is vice-president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; and so forth. The above represents only a partial and illustrative listing of the concomitant offices held as of the time of this writing.

7. Two analyses by Michel Oksenberg provide perceptive insights into the modes and implications of these shifts: “The Political Leader,” in Mao Tse-tung in the Scales of History, ed. Dick Wilson (London: Cambridge University Press, 1977); and “Arena,” pp. 384-94.

8. For instance, of the eight decisions regarding agricultural procurement for the years 1954-1960 published in the Chung-Hua Jen-min Kung-ho-kuo fa-kuei hui-pien, four were issued by a government organ alone (the State Council or Ministry of Food) and four were put out jointly by the State Council and the Central Committee of the Party. Three of the four jointly issued decrees were published in 1959-60. These decisions are listed in: Tao-tai Hsia, Guide to Selected Legal Sources of Mainland China (Washington, D. C.: Library of Congress, 1967), nos. 523, 652, 880, 972, 1202, 1365, 1467, and 1584 respectively. More impressionistically, the number of jointly issued decrees in the Fa-kuei hui-pien seems to increase for the period 1958-63, although the degree to which this may be an artifact of changes in editorial policy for this series is unclear.

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